↑ Hawley, Donald (1971). The Trucial States. Allen & Unwin (UK). tr. 48–51. ISBN9780049530058.
↑ Lorimer, John (1908). The Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia. Government of India (Bombay). tr. 1432–1436.
↑ Anscombe, Frederick F. (1997). The Ottoman Gulf: The Creation of Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar. Columbia University Press (New York).
↑ Çetinsaya, Gökhan (2003). The Ottoman View of British Presence in Iraq and the Gulf: The Era of Abdulhamid II. Frank Cass (Luân Đôn).
↑ Bey, Frauke (1996). From Trucial States to United Arab Emirates. Longman (UK). tr. 43. ISBN978-0582277281.
↑ 'Kashf Al Gumma' "Annals of Oman from Early times to the year 1728 AD" – Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1874
↑ Ibn Ruzaiq, translated by GP Badger, "History of the Imams and Sayids of Oman", London 1871
↑ Bey, Frauke (1996). From Trucial States to United Arab Emirates. Longman (UK). tr. 282. ISBN978-0582277281.
↑ Baker, Randall (1979), King Husain and the Kingdom of Hejaz, The Oleander Press, Great Britain
↑ Biral, Bilal Emre (2009). The British Threat to the Ottoman Presence in the Persian Gulf during the Era of Abdülhamid II and the Responses toward it. Ankara: Middle East Technical University. Đã bỏ qua tham số không rõ |citeseerx= (trợ giúp)
↑ Mazzetti, Mark and Hager, Emily B. (ngày 14 tháng 5 năm 2011). “Secret Desert Force Set Up by Blackwater's Founder”. New York Times. The United Arab Emirates – an autocracy with the sheen of a progressive, modern state – are closely allied with the United States, and American officials indicated that the battalion program had some support in Washington.
↑ “Konfliktbarometer 2001” (PDF). Bản gốc (PDF) lưu trữ ngày 29 tháng 2 năm 2008. Truy cập ngày 1 tháng 6 năm 2016. . Heidelberger Institut für Internationale Konfliktforschung
1 2 “2013 Human Rights Reports: United Arab Emirates”. US Department of State. Sharia (Islamic law) courts, which adjudicate criminal and family law, have the option of imposing flogging as punishment for adultery, prostitution, consensual premarital sex, pregnancy outside marriage, defamation of character, and drug or alcohol abuse.
↑ “Dh500,000 expat verbal abuse case to be retried”. The National. 8 tháng 12 năm 2010. In the UAE, only verbal abuse pertaining to the sexual honour of a person would be tried under Sharia. For guilt to be proven, the attack must have been made in public and one reliable witness must testify. If convicted, a person would be sentenced to 80 lashes and would never be accepted as a valid witness in a Sharia-based case.
↑ “Husband jailed for letting friend abuse his wife”. 7days.ae. 9 tháng 3 năm 2013. Bản gốc lưu trữ ngày 23 tháng 9 năm 2015. As well as the jail term for rape, the Supreme Court also ordered that the defendants be given 80 lashes for drinking alcohol.
↑ “Man jailed for raping step-daughter”. 7days.ae. 6 tháng 3 năm 2013. Bản gốc lưu trữ ngày 23 tháng 9 năm 2015. As well as the jail term he was also fined Dhs10,000 for reckless driving and will receive 80 lashes for drinking alcohol.
1 2 Butti Sultan Butti Ali Al-Muhairi (1996). “The Islamisation of Laws in the UAE: The Case of the Penal Code”. Arab Law Quarterly 11 (4): 350–371. JSTOR3381546. doi:10.2307/3381546.
↑ Al-Muhairi (1997), Conclusion to the Series of Articles on the UAE Penal Law. Arab Law Quarterly, Vol. 12, No. 4
↑ “United Arab Emirates – Global Progress” (PDF). tr. 3. Punishments include flogging, amputation, and – as retaliation – injury similar to that for which the offender has been convicted of inflicting on the victim.
↑ “United Arab Emirates – Country Reports on Human Rights Practices”. In February an Indonesian woman convicted of adultery by the Shari'a court in the Emirate of Fujairah, was sentenced to death by stoning after she purportedly insisted on such punishment. The sentence was commuted on appeal to 1 year in prison, followed by deportation. In June 1998, the Shari'a court in Fujairah sentenced three Omani nationals convicted of robbery to have their right hands amputated. The Fujairah prosecutor's office instead commuted the sentence to a term of imprisonment.
↑ “United Arab Emirates”. Carnegie Endowment. tr. 10. UAE Prime Minister Sheikh Muhammad bin Rashid al-Maktum decreed on September 25, 2007 that journalists can no longer be imprisoned for reasons relating to their work, setting a first for the decriminalization of media offenses in the region.
↑ “Adult Literacy Rate: United Arab Emirates”. UNdata. United Nations Statistics Division. 19 tháng 6 năm 2013. Bản gốc lưu trữ ngày 15 tháng 12 năm 2015. Subgroup: Total 15+ yr. Year: [2011]. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Unit: Percent. Value: 90.
↑ Christensen, Shane (2010). Frommer's Dubai. John Wiley & Sons. tr. 174. ISBN978-0-470-71178-1.
↑ Sandıkcı, Özlem; Rice, Gillian (1 tháng 1 năm 2011). Handbook of Islamic Marketing. tr. 430. ISBN9780857936028. Arabian and Persian inspired architecture is part of the expression of a 'local' identity.
